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Romans vs. Greeks — What's the Difference?

By Tayyaba Rehman — Updated on September 23, 2023
Romans hailed from Rome in Italy, forming the Roman Empire; Greeks originated from Greece, known for their ancient city-states and culture.

Difference Between Romans and Greeks

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Key Differences

Romans and Greeks, two of the most influential ancient civilizations, had distinct identities and contributions. The Romans, originating from the city of Rome, went on to establish one of history's greatest empires, covering vast territories across Europe, North Africa, and West Asia. Their governance, legal systems, and architecture, like the Colosseum, are exemplary of their innovation. In contrast, the Greeks hailed from the region now known as Greece and consisted of several city-states, the most prominent being Athens and Sparta.
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Sep 23, 2023
The Greeks are often credited for laying the foundational stones of Western philosophy, art, and science. Their philosophers, such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle, have left an indelible mark on global thought. Greeks also gifted the world with the Olympic Games. Romans, however, were exceptional administrators and builders. They developed extensive road networks, aqueducts, and other infrastructural marvels. Moreover, Latin, the Romans' language, deeply influenced many modern languages.
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One cannot discuss the Greeks without mentioning their myths, which have enchanted readers for millennia. Gods like Zeus, Athena, and Poseidon were central to Greek religious life. Romans, although heavily influenced by Greek mythology, had their own pantheon, with gods like Jupiter, Mars, and Venus. Roman law and governance structures, particularly the Senate, also significantly impacted the formation of modern democratic institutions.
Tayyaba Rehman
Sep 23, 2023
It's worth noting that despite their distinctions, the Romans and Greeks weren't isolated from each other. The Romans were profoundly influenced by Greek art, philosophy, and culture, leading to the Hellenistic period where the fusion of both civilizations' elements created a vibrant cultural and intellectual landscape.
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Sep 23, 2023

Comparison Chart

Origin

Rome, Italy
Greece
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Language

Latin
Greek
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Major Contributions

Architecture, legal system, expansive empire
Philosophy, arts, science, city-states
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Mythological Deities

Jupiter, Mars, Venus, etc.
Zeus, Athena, Poseidon, etc.
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Notable Structures

Colosseum, aqueducts, Roman roads
Parthenon, Temple of Apollo, theaters
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Definitions

Romans

A narrative poem or a prose tale in medieval French literature.
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Greeks

Participants in the ancient Olympic Games.
The Greeks initiated the Olympic Games as a tribute to their gods.
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Romans

A novel.
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Greeks

Citizens or inhabitants of modern Greece.
Today, the Greeks celebrate their rich history and traditions.
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Romans

A native, inhabitant, or citizen of ancient or modern Rome.
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Greeks

Speakers of the Greek language.
Ancient manuscripts by the Greeks provide insights into their thoughts.
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Romans

The Italian language as spoken in Rome.
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Greeks

The Greeks or Hellenes (; Greek: Έλληνες, Éllines [ˈelines]) are an ethnic group native to the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea regions, namely Greece, Cyprus, Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.
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Romans

One belonging to the Roman Catholic Church.
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Greeks

The Indo-European language of the Greeks.
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Romans

Roman Roman print or typestyle.
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Greeks

Greek language and literature from the middle of the eighth century BC to the end of the third century AD, especially the Attic Greek of the fifth and fourth centuries BC.
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Romans

Romans (used with a sing. verb) See Table at Bible.
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Greeks

A native or inhabitant of Greece.
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Romans

Of or relating to ancient or modern Rome or its people or culture.
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Greeks

A person of Greek ancestry.
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Romans

Of or relating to the Roman Empire.
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Greeks

(Informal) A member of a fraternity or sorority that has its name composed of Greek letters.
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Romans

Of, relating to, or composed in the Latin language.
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Greeks

(Informal) Something that is unintelligible
Quantum mechanics is Greek to me.
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Romans

Of or using the Latin alphabet.
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Greeks

Of or relating to Greece or its people, language, or culture.
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Romans

Of or relating to the Roman Catholic Church.
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Greeks

Plural of greek
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Romans

Of or being an architectural style developed by the ancient Romans and characterized by the round arch as chief structural element, the vault, concrete masonry construction, and classical ornamentation.
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Greeks

The people of ancient Greece.
The Greeks are famed for their contributions to philosophy and arts.
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Romans

Roman Of or being a typestyle characterized by upright letters having serifs and vertical lines thicker than horizontal lines.
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Greeks

Creators of iconic myths and legends.
The Greeks narrated tales of gods like Zeus and Hercules.
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Romans

A New Testament book containing an exposition of the doctrines of Saint Paul; written in AD 58
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FAQs

Who were the Greeks?

The Greeks were the inhabitants of ancient Greece, renowned for their city-states and culture.
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Where did the Greeks come from?

Greeks originated from Greece, in southeastern Europe.
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Who were the Romans?

The Romans were the people of ancient Rome, known for creating the Roman Empire.
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Who were some famous Greek gods?

Some prominent Greek gods include Zeus, Athena, and Poseidon.
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Did Romans and Greeks interact?

Yes, the Romans were profoundly influenced by Greek culture, leading to the Hellenistic period.
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What are some Roman architectural marvels?

Notable Roman structures include the Colosseum, aqueducts, and Roman roads.
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Did the Romans have gods?

Yes, the Romans worshipped gods like Jupiter, Mars, and Venus.
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Where did the Romans originate?

Romans hailed from Rome, located in present-day Italy.
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Which language did the Romans speak?

The Romans spoke Latin.
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Which language did the Greeks use?

The Greeks spoke Greek.
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What did the Greeks contribute to arts and science?

Greeks contributed vastly to philosophy, arts, theater, and pioneered many scientific principles.
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How did Romans and Greeks influence modern societies?

Both civilizations laid the groundwork for modern governance, arts, science, and philosophy.
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Were Greek and Roman myths related?

Although distinct, Roman mythology was heavily influenced by Greek myths.
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Did both civilizations have a democratic system?

While Greeks (especially Athens) introduced early democratic systems, Romans had a republic and later an empire.
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Were Greek and Latin ever used together?

During the Hellenistic period, there was a fusion of Greek and Latin in various domains.
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Author Spotlight

Written by
Tayyaba Rehman
Tayyaba Rehman is a distinguished writer, currently serving as a primary contributor to askdifference.com. As a researcher in semantics and etymology, Tayyaba's passion for the complexity of languages and their distinctions has found a perfect home on the platform. Tayyaba delves into the intricacies of language, distinguishing between commonly confused words and phrases, thereby providing clarity for readers worldwide.

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